Tag Archives: General Motors

A “Division” Problem for General Motors

So lets do some quick math. 

In the 1970s when General Motors had 50% US market share they had 5 consumer divisions (we’ll leave GMC as a “business” division).

That meant that each division, could, on average, have 10% market share.  That’s an OK-sized business.

Now GM has 7 divisions (again leaving GMC aside) and has 25% market share.

That means that each division could, on average, have less than 4% market share (3.57% to be precise).  That is not a very healthy nor sustainable business model (given the marketing and infrastructure costs to keep these divsions alive – as it were)

This division is the heart of GM’s division problem.  Before they can ever even hope to get better they need to benefit from a concept that made them successful in the past, namely “economies of scale”.   Right now there is no chance to take advantage of that because they have NO SCALE.

This is why there should not be a bail-out of GM and at most a “bail-down”.  They should pare down to 3 divisions at most (Cadillac, Chevy, Saab)

Until they scale-down they can never hope to scale-up.

How Foreign is an “American” Car?

We keep talking about the bailout of the American auto industry but for years now the domestic content (the amount of American materials and labor used to make that car) of the Big Three has been falling while the domestic content of the “foreign” companies has been growing. 

Here’s an interesting stat.  The Toyota Camry (one of the most popular cars, by sales volume, in the United States) is produced in Lexington Kentucky and consists of 80% American content, the Honda Accord (another one of the most popular) has 70%.  The all-American muscle car, the Ford Mustang, consists of 65% American content. Surprised?  Well then check out this study by The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago (one could argue a “pro-American” organization).

One noteworthy quote from that study is:

“Today the distinction between “American” and “foreign” vehicles is not so clear:  Some models produced by the American-owned Detroit Three carmakers have a smaller share of domestic parts than models produced by foreign-owned carmakers.”

So ask yourself is a bailout of the Big Three truly a bailout of the American automobile industry or just a bailout of the worst American auto industry players?  Also ask, does Toyota get a bail-out as well so they can retool their American factories to build more fuel-efficient cars?  Oh, that’s right they already have, my Camry Hybrid came from that Lexington Kentucky plant OVER TWO YEARS AGO.

Its Time to Demote the General

Should we bail-out General Motors?  NO!

How about, at most, we bail-down General Motors. 

Let’s face reality.  General Motors has had cancer for over 35 years that just reached all the major organs.  Back in the early 1970s they first encountered a surprising spike in high-priced gas during a time when they sold fabulously large and gas-guzzling vehicles (deja vu?).  At that time Toyota was not even a viable competitor but because they made smaller  cars they had a more fuel efficient fleet (and, believe it or not, lower quality) and they were able to grab an increasing share of the market.  Dumb luck played into their hands but they seized the opportunity.

At the same time of Toyota’s ascendancy GM, however, took an entirely different tack (I know I worked there from 1988-1992 and yes worked on the Saturn EV-1 doing all the initial market research).   They continued to lose market share by ignoring the market or, even when they got it right, building poor quality product, or even when they got that right doing a poor job of pricing or marketing them.  They even had the world’s first alternative fuel vehicle (Saturn EV-1) and gave up on it when California  law no longer required it.  Toyota, on the other hand, stood by the Prius for 11 years and now look at it.

The sad truth is that the weakness of the GM business model means that, at best, GM can survive (no matter how much help they receive) as a much smaller entity.  It is fruitless to provide a “bail-out” and any assistance should be in the form of a bail-down.  It should be designed to allow a smooth downward transition of GM, maybe not to oblivion but to a much smaller company with AT MOST 3 domestic divisions (I vote for Cadillac, Chevy and Saab) as opposed to the 8 they have today (more than they had when they had 50% market share then as opposed to 25% now).  No matter what is done jobs will be lost as GM cannot continue to survive in its present form or present size (and there is 30 years of trend data to back that up). 

Looking at any help for GM as a bail-down as opposed to a bail-out also helps to make better decisions that have a longer term positive impact.  A bail-out pours money into an archaic “blue” AND “white” collar management structure that cannot operate efficiently and will only continue to decline  (throwing good money after bad).   A bail-down shifts those funds to the innocent victims, namely the individual employees (in the form of unemployment benefits, retraining, relocation) currently trapped in that archaic structure and provides a transition out and the ability to reorganize for more efficient use of their labor in growing companies.  It seems to be an overlooked fact that there is actually an American automotive company that is hiring and even building a new plant.  Its called Tesla and its here in Silicon Valley.  Lets get some of those employees some plane tickets (to save on additional fees at the gate leave the union baggage behind).    Not to mention they could buy some of those foreclosed houses in Gilroy and Vallejo we need to get rid of thereby solving two problems at once.

A lesson to learn from the AIG is that those initial bailouts never work and only get larger as time goes on so that is why a much more metered and purposeful response is in order that benefits the individuals and not the companies.

Oh and President-Elect Obama I have good news for you.  You have a vision of one day being able to buy a hybrid or alternative-fuel vehicle made right here in the United States.  I applaud that vision and am happy to tell you that two years ago today I traded-in my old gas-guzzling Pontiac for a beautiful mid-sized HYBRID family car made right in Lexington Kentucky that gets 35 MPG OVERALL and has more domestic automobile content than the Ford Mustang.  Its called a Toyota Camry.

Long live Lieutenant Motors!!!